Lathe.



No. 67l,56 5. Patented Apr. 9, 1901. E. A. SCHUMACHER.

L A T H E.

(Application filed Aug. 7. 1900.

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WITNESSES No. '67I,565. Patented Apia 9, I90l.

' E. A. SCHUHACHEB.

LATHE.

(Application filed Aug. 7, 1900.)

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(No Ilodel.)

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. WITNESSES m: NORRIS PETERS 60.. mom-umuwnsnmumn. 0.1;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST A. SCHUMACHER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 671,565, dated April 9,1901. Application filed August 7, 1900. Serial No. 26,187. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST A. SOHUMAOHER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton andState of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLathes, of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate to means for enlarging the capacity of the lathe,thereby enabling it to operate upon larger diameters than it couldotherwise do.

The several features of my invention and the various advantagesresulting from their use conjointly or otherwise will be apparent fromthe following description and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, making a part of this application, and inwhich similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure1, Sheet 1, represents a front elevation of the head-stock. Fig. 2,Sheet 1, is a view of that side of this head-stock which faces towardthe right hand in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, Sheet 1, is a view of the rear of thefaceplate, showing internal gear. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, is a rear View inperspective of the head-stock, showing the rear side of it and also thatend of it which faces toward the left in Fig. 1. Fig. 5, Sheet 2, is arear view of a part of the compound carriage, showing the extension.Fig. 6, Sheet 2, is a perspective view of the compound carriage, showingthe rising device, &c. Fig. 7, Sheet 3, is a front elevation of a lathe,illustrating my invention and the location and arrangement of theaforementioned constructions relative to themselves and to otherportions of the lathe.

I will now proceed to describe my invention in detail.

A indicates the bed of the lathe.

B indicates in general the head-stock.

0 indicates in general the sliding tool-rest, and D in the same mannerthe tail-stock.

The head-stock Bis duly located on the bed A. The upright endsupporting-pieces, respectively marked B B of this stock, carry thelive-spindle E and the concomitant or upper spindle F, respectivelyjournaled in these pieces B and B and secured in place by the caps Bheld down by screws B The livespindle carries a set of cone-pulleys,(indicated by the characters G, G G G and G Such cone-pulleys are wellknown and their functions are well understood. To the right of thecone-pulleys is a gear-wheel K, fixed on the live-spindle E. The latteroperates in connection with what is known as the back gear when thelatter is in use.

The mode of operating the lathe when employing the back gear and themode of operating it when the use of the back gear is omitted will nowbe described.

The lathe is provided with reversible gear, to wit: On that end of thelive-spindle which is at the left hand in Fig. 1viz., next to thesmallest cone-pulley-is pinion H. Behind the pinion H is the gear-wheelH fixed on a shaft H dnlyjournaled in the head-stock. The pinion I-Iengages this gear-wheel H On the shaft H and near its other end isfix'ed a gear-wheel H concentric with theshaft and engaging thegear-wheel K aforementioned. It will be understood that the rotary powerto drive the lathe is communicated to the latter through thecone-pulley. This cone-pulley and the pinion H are united together andturn as one. They can turn loosely on the live-spindle E, and thusrotate without rotating this spindle. It is the gearwheel K that isalways fixed on the live-spindle, and they always rotate together. Thereare well-known means provided for locking this gear-wheel K to thiscone-pulley. When the cone-pulley is disconnected from the gearwheel K,the pulleys rotate and through the agency of the pinion H rotate thegear-wheel H and pinion H The latter rotates gearwheel K, and gear-wheelK turns the live spindle E, and at the same time, of necessity, turnsthe pinion L. By this arrangement the speed of the revolution of thelive-spindle is increased in the ratio of the relative proportions ofthe intermediate gear engaged. When it is desired to operate thelive-spindle E at the original speed of the cone-pulley, then thegear-wheel K is locked to the conepulley and the back gear--viz., wheelH and pinion H are thrown out of engagement, the

wheel H being separated from the pinion H and the pinion H fromgear-wheel K. This is duly accomplished. In the present instance it iseffected by eccentrics on a shaft H extending through the shaft H in thepresent instance tubular. The shaft H is duly operated by the lever Hwhereby the invention is also seen in its capacity for thewheel H andpinion H are at will thrown into and out of engagement.

Upon the live-spindle E is fixed a'pinion L, and upon the upper spindleF is located a gear-wheel N, its diameter bearing the relation to thediameter of the pinion L of a greater to aless. In the presentillustrative instance the proportion is of two to one. Heretofore it hasbeen customary to gear this pinion L directly into the gear-wheel N. I

have found many objections to such a con-- struction. To obviate theseobjections and attain very many advantages not obtainalle by the devicesas heretofore constructed, I have invented the following construction:Intermediate of pinion L and gear-wheel N, I locate a pinion M on ashaft M journaled in the head-stock piece B This'shaft pro.- jectsthrough the upright B and at the righthand side of piece B (see Fig. l)carries a lever-arm M Thisarm M is provided with a slot M curved in anarc concentric with the shaft M Through this slot extends a stud M fixedat one end in the piece M and at the other end portion has ascrew-thread engaging a nut M which acts as a clamp and whereby the armM when moved to the desired end of the stop can be set in that position.Thus when the free end of the lever is thrown downward, as shown in Fig.2, the pinion L is thrown out of. engagement with r the pinion M and thelive-spindle E can be used as in any ordinary lathe, or with the lever Min the same position the face-plate P (see Fig. 3) may be received onthe shaft F and the pinion R on the live-spindle E. Then when thespindle E revolves it rotates the face-plate P by means of the pinion R.

Another mode of using this lathe is to use the large face-plate Ewithout employing the pinion R. In such event the lever M is movedupward, bringing the pinion M into engagement with the pinion L and gearN, and thus employing said pinion as an intermediate gear. The nut M isemployed to set the lever M So, also, by throwing the pinion M intoengagement with the pinion L and gear-wh eel N, I am enabled to performa large number of advantageous operations, someof which include thelive-spindle Working below and the shaft or mandrel A working above.

The pinion M may be varied in diameter, and so there may be a series ofpinions M of various diameters, any one of which may be mounted on theshaft M according to the speed at which it is desired that the spindleshould rotate relatively to the live-spindle. Thus by means of thecone-spindle, the use or omission of the back gear, the intermediatepinion M, capable of being varied in diameter as mentioned, and thecapacity of the lathe to bring the pinion L into engagement (by pinionM) with gear-wheel N, I have produced a lathe which atfords a greatrange of feed and of screw-cutting and advantageous for other work. Aminor advantage of this ready omission of the use of the upper spindlewhen that is not needed, thereby saving the expenditure of powerotherwise required to operate the same and also economizing in the wearand tear of the parts.

The use of the elevated spindle F necessitates an elevation of thetool-rest for enabling the tool to properly and effectively act upon thematerials rotated by such spindle. I have improved the ordinarytool-rest and have enlarged its capacities as follows: In the compoundcarriage I employ a rising device, consisting of a cylindrical body Q,supporting and elevating the upper portion of the toolrest Q and itselfresting on the transverse slide Q crossing the runways R of the bed ofthe lathe and working through them. The slide is duly provided with theextension Q enabling the tool'rest to pass beyond the rear side of thelathe to duly operate upon large pieces rotated by the upper spindle.

The rising device Q may be connected to the parts Q and Q in anysuitable manner. The preferred mode consists in providing the upper endof the cylindrical device Q with a recess, which receives a projectionfrom the bottom of the top slide, and in further providing the lower endwith a projection received into a recess in the bottom slide Q Theseprojections are indicated by dotted lines. The opening W in the device Qenables the bolt connecting the latter to the top slide to be insertedand otherwise manipulated. The opening W in the device Q enables in likemanner the device Q to be bolted to the bottom slide.

If such a combination as I have added to the lathe were to be added toalathe having a frame of the ordinary and well-known construction, thelathe would be inoperative, for, among other reasons,because the framewould spring and the products of the lathe would be very imperfect.production, I have devised a frame of a novel. and useful construction,as follows: I widen the end supporting-pieces B and B so that the edgeof one side extends beyond the side of the bed A, as shown. Theseextended sides X X extend downwardly, as shown, in the form of legs X atthe side of the bed A and are supported by a shelf or extension Y, whichextends out laterally, as shown, and is in the present illustrativeinstance a part of the leg or basal support Z; The legs X may be in onepiece with the head-stock ends X; but they are preferably made separateand bolted together. The latter construction is shown in the drawings,and the preferred manher of connection is shown-viz., the lugs X K,respectively connected to the side X and the leg X and connected by thebolts X The legs X are also preferably separate from the side of thelathe-bed, as shown. The lower ends of the extensions X are bolted orotherwise secured to the ledge or shelf Y. The leg Z is made wide, thebetter to support the shelf To avoid such imperfect Y and the better tohold the machine steady and prevent any lateral oscillation or spring ofthe upper portions of the lathe.

In practice I form the shelf Y and the leg Z in one piece, as indicatedin the drawings. It will be observed that these new features ofconstruction permit the lathe-bed to be as narrow as heretofore, andthis although the capacity of the machine for various productions,including those of large dimensions, is greatly increased.

The additional features for conferring stifiness and strength arecomparativelyinexpensive. They require what may be termed asubstantially minimum weight of metal to secure the desired results.

Those parts of the lathe shown in Fig. 7 and not herein describedconsist of portions well known and of no importance in this description.

The ad vantages of my invention are obviously many and important andconfer upon a lathe great additional efiectiveness and much enlargementof capacity.

I wish it to be understood that the relative diameters of the gear-wheelN and the pinion L maybe relatively changed within proper limits, thusconferring still greater scope and usefulness upon my invention.

What I claim as new and of myinvention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. In alathe, the headstock provided with two spindles, the live-spindlebelow, and an upper spindle, the live-spindle carrying the pinion L, andthe upper spindle the gearwheel N, and an intermediate pinion M,adaptedto engage both the pinion L, and the gear- Wheel N, and at will, to bedisengaged therefrom, and means for enabling the tool-rest to supportthe tool, at the desired location, to effectively operate on enlargedwork rotated by the upper spindle, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

2. In a lathe, the head-stock provided with two spindles, thelive-spindle E below, pinion L thereon, and an upper spindle F, andwheel N thereon, and an intermediate pinion M, mounted on shaft M in thehead-stock, and intermediate between wheels L and N, and the lever Mhaving an areal slot M a stud M of the head-stock being present in saidslot, and a nut M on the stud, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

3. In a lathe, the head-stock having a livespindle below carrying thecone-pulley, and a pinion H at rear of the cone-pulley fixed thereto,and pulleys K and L fixed on the live-spindle, and back gear, and anupper spindle F, having a gear-wheel N, all in combination with a pinionM intermediate between the two gears N and L, and mounted on shaft M ofthe head-stock, lever M having an arcal slot M a stud M of thehead-stock located in said head-stock, and a nut M on the stud forlocking the lever, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a lathe, the combination of the headstock, a live-spindle below,an upper spindle as F above, means for enabling the live-spindle tooperate the upper spindle, substantially as described, the lathe-bed,the headstock widened relatively thereto, and having downward extensionsoutside of the line of the lathe-bed, and a shelf or ledge forsupporting these extensions,substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

5. In a lathe, the combination of the head stock, a live-spindle below,an upper spindle F above, means for enabling the live-spindle to operatethe upper spindle, a lathe-bed, the head-stock widened relativelythereto, and having downward extensions at the side of the lathe-bed,and a table or ledge for supporting the latter and widened leg tosupport the lathe, and the downward extensions, substantially as and forthe purposes specified.

6. In a lathe, the combination of the headstock, a live-spindle below,an upperspindle, pinion L on the live-spindle, gear-wheel N on the upperspindle, an intermediate pinion M, adapted to engage both the pinion Land the gear-wheel N, and at will, to be disengaged therefrom, thehead-stock parts B and B widened at X, downward extensions X support Yand leg Z, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

ERNST A. SCHUMAOHER. In presence of- WM. SALMON J OHNS, K. SMITH.

